Soft 20 or A ♣ 9 ♥ stands; Soft 18 or A ♦ 7 ♠ against dealer's 9, 10. Aces count as -1, with 5s as +1. Soft hands only – play just soft hands (hands with an ace). Namely if the truecount. The GameMaster's Blackjack School is a card counting course teaching you to win in 24 lessons. Here are a couple of rules to follow regarding basic strategy for single-deck blackjack: Do not opt for the insurance bet as it raises the house edge to a high 5. But doing the same with an advanced system is a. , 1981. This set of twelve advanced strategy cards for blackjack offers more than just the usual basic strategy information. 7% on every buy-in. Casino game providers. But when it does, you can play with a big advantage against the casino. 10% per dollar bet, or a house edge of 43. ; Everygame – An excellent casino for playing blackjack and live games on mobile. View Instructions. Read more about Golden Eagle Blackjack. Beat. The casino classic is a way of entertaining gambling enthusiasts both at brick-and-mortar and web-based casinos. The Wong Halves count strategy is a more advanced blackjack strategy that involves card counting. Seasons 2-4 cover topics to take your blackjack skills to the next level: side bets, basic strategy, and bankroll management. There’s more to blackjack than knowing the rules of the game and adopting beneficial playing decisions. The only application you need to master both Basic Strategy and Card Counting. For example, if a player has an ace (1) and a 7, that actually counts as 18 (11 + 7). Analysis and advice for experienced players who have mastered basic strategy, and are looking to add an extra edge to their game. 7% of roulette. It prevents you from making irrational decisions based on excitement, frustration, or anxiety. Zen Count is an extremely effective system, but it is very difficult to learn and use. dealer's 2 or 3 upcard. Blackjack All-In-One Trainer has 3 modes; Play, Train and Simulate. Blackjack players are tasked with putting together two or more cards that add up to 21, or a close to 21 as possible, without going over. So that gives you a true count of +4. Advanced Blackjack Topics. If you are not able to re-split a hand treat it as a hard total hand and follow the strategy for that hand as per the tables below. Advanced Blackjack strategy: Pairs. 3% against the casino. This means you will win more money than lose over time. PriMedia Video; 1997. Handy blackjack reference resource. So essentially, you should preferably look for a blackjack game. This Blackjack Betting Strategy involves keeping track of the cards that have been dealt to gain an advantage over the house. (If the count is really high, you do stand instead of hit. Blackjack players are tasked with putting together two or more cards that add up to 21, or a close to 21 as possible, without going over. The thrill of playing against the dealer and hoping to have a blackjackDurable large format blackjack strategy card, made of solid plastic, with the optimal strategy for blackjack games with 2 decks, where the dealer hits soft 17. It is still amongst the most widely played both at casinos, many of which now have video-based console versions, and their online counterparts such as Pinnacle Casino, which enable people to play Blackjack any time, any place on hundreds of different games. Martingale Blackjack Strategy. We have used mathematical probabilities to work out the best moves to make. Based on the idea that losing streaks cannot continue forever, the Martingale system proposes doubling one’s bet after each loss. At its core, the aim of blackjack is to get as close to 21 as possible without going over. Keeps average $/hr as well, charts your progress, and includes a printable results sheet to carry to casinos with you. It is more advanced than other baccarat pattern strategies when. Wizard of Odds » BlackJack The ultimate source for casino game analysis, odds, and strategy. 4. That means you win $300 for every $200 bet at 3:2, or $200 for every $100 bet at 2:1. Using the right strategy will help you play a. With all respect, counting cards is not a cheating. Some of the most popular advanced blackjack strategies are card counting, dealer tells, and ace sequencing (or any other popular form of shuffle tracking). Soft totals in blackjack. Beginner strategies should work to marginalize the edge down to 1%. 1-3-2-6. How to play the game of Blackjack using advanced Blackjack strategy? Visit Real Money Action to know Blackjack advanced concepts like card counting, HI-LO counting & more. If the dealer actually has a Blackjack, you will get paid 2 to 1. You can get the buy-in of 22 chips in your preferred denomination. 2:1 is a better payout. A pair of 9’s splits against dealer 2 through 9, except for 7, otherwise stand. In this endeavor, players often make attempts to employ some. The above basic strategy is simplified to make it easy for new players to memorize. The house edge for 6:5 double deck blackjack can reach over 1. Blackjack Appendix 9 — Five decks, dealer hits on soft 17, no hole card. Advanced Domino Game Strategy. In order to understand blackjack, become serious about the game and start winning, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic blackjack strategy chart. This set combines perfect basic strategy with optimized card counting index numbers for the most popular card counting system, the Hi-Lo. Ultimate magazine theme for WordPress. And then if you lose just drop back. Try dividing a running count of 5 by . Aspiring pros seeking a higher level of expertise, however, ought to explore the more. It has a simple exit-strategy and locks in those wins every time. The goal is to beat the dealer and collect your winnings, regardless of what the other players do with their hands. If this is the case, you’ll see something like this on the blackjack table felt: “DEALER MUST DRAW TO 16 AND. 3% are available to those who also vary the play of their hands according to the true count. Advanced blackjack players also use a technique called shuffle tracking. The Martingale Blackjack Betting System. Stand against 4-6 and hit against everything else with a hard hand of 12. Cards. The advanced card counting strategies were fought off by the casino operators through a gradual increase of the card decks inside the shoe. This sees you doubling your stake each time that you win. Ace-ten. 6-Deck Strategy Tips. Baccarat Strategy PDF. Many Blackjack players are mistakenly convinced that a Blackjack Strategy Trainer is. For the ace-five to work, you must use a big betting spread. –Players compete against the dealer but not against each other. 1 – Bet on Other Players’ Hands. Blackjack Strategy Additional Rules. Counting cards is one of the most effective advantage play strategies in any casino game. When losing, you should keep betting one unit at a time, trying to recuperate your losses steadily. There are a few small adjustments that you may want to consider if you are playing a blackjack game where the dealer hits on soft 17. Also, always split 8's to improve your hand since 16 is a bad hand with high chances of busting and low chances of winning. CVData is described here and CVCX on the CVCX Page. Late surrender, on the other hand, is just available to use when the dealer has already checked for blackjack and does not have one. Stand on 17 if the dealer is showing 7 or higher. Late surrender, on the other hand, is just available to use when the dealer has already checked for blackjack and does not have one. Step 1: Choose the correct strategy card. Dealer must hit soft 17. Blackjack Advanced Strategy Cards: View Instructions. A pair of Aces equals 12, while a pair of 8s equals 16. 1 Deck, Dealer Hits Soft 17. e. Splits only – play just splitting hands. Professional baccarat practitioners that win consistently use either the Golden Eagle or Silver Tiger Baccarat Strategy. From top to bottom are the hard totals, soft totals, and splittable hands. That being said, this is something that all players should be aware of when selecting a blackjack game. If dealt 12 then stand if the dealer is showing a 4, 5, or 6. Having a hand value equal to 21 from the first two cards dealt to the player. Double Deck Blackjack or “Pitch” is a 2-deck variant allowing participants to pick up cards dealt face-down. We’re going to show you the most basic Blackjack tricks for beginners and take you right through to the most advanced of Blackjack tips to win especially if you’re already an experienced player. Double down on 10 if the dealer is showing 9 or less. When you come to this card, you’ll recite “15 versus 10; stand at 4”. Here you will discover that you don’t have to be a genius to keep track of all the cards in a six-deck shoe; you just have to know a few card-counter secrets. Wild Casino – The best live casino for blackjack overall with 27 exciting variations of the game on offer. A great place to start if you are new to the game of blackjack!By using an advanced Blackjack strategy, you can skyrocket your win rate and leave the Blackjack tables with significant winnings much more often. There are plenty of level one and level two systems ( Easy OPP , Hi-Lo ) that, if used correctly, will make an evening of blackjack quite profitable. If you consider these differences in the long run, you’ll see why avoiding 6:5 tables is in your best interest. Best Live Blackjack Casinos. It combines skill, strategy, and a touch of luck, making it a favorite among gamblers and casino-goers. a 10 does not make a blackjack. Using basic strategy will typically lower the house edge down to just . •The objective of the game is to outscore the dealer (via sum of dealt cards) without exceeding 21. Advanced Blackjack. The Uston Advanced Plus/Minus is a good strategy that does not involve an ace side count and can be found in the book Million Dollar Blackjack. Drawing a hand of higher value than the dealer’s hand, without going over 21. See also: Roulette Payouts, all the answers to your questions about this. Blackjack: Play Like The Pros, by John Bukofsky. 13". If you imagine the 10 and 16 placed on the centerline of a 2″ X 2″ square, the 0 is offset so your left thumb covers the number. Never split tens. Two Blackjack Simulators join the Casino Vérité Blackjack line. The rules of blackjack are flexible which is why there are so many variations and the reason for this exciting 5 deck blackjack strategy guide. Factor in the following changes: Double 11 vs. 7 – Learn About Hole Carding. At the time of this discovery, he. Any hand that you get that includes an ace is a profitable long-term hand. Learn the strategy that the pros use at our advanced blackjack strategy page. These techniques further increase players ability to even the odds at blackjack. The 1-3-2-6 system is a progressive betting strategy that has been compared to the Paroli technique. Learn this strategy before you start to play to make sure you come out a winner. Never bet more than half your stack on a. Blackjack might not be a dice game, but it is most definitely a game off odds. The Kelly betting system, also called Kelly criterion, Kelly strategy, Kelly formula, or Kelly bet, is an advanced mathematical betting system that can help players calculate exactly how much money to wager on each hand for optimal wins. Lesson 16 in the GameMaster's Free Blackjack School - Splitting strategy variations in blackjack. This is where the perfect basic blackjack strategy comes into play. Analysis and advice for experienced players who have mastered basic strategy, and are looking to add an extra edge to their game. From top to bottom are the hard totals, soft totals, and splittable hands. Blackjack is a card game in which the goal is to get as close to 21 as possible without going over. 80% is pretty pointless. Only advanced blackjack. By combining the charts with a good strategy, you then have a greater chance of walking away on top in the end. A basic strategy chart will always recommend splitting these hands because your chances of hitting blackjack (21) significantly increase. Advanced Blackjack Strategy. While many enjoy the game for its simplicity, there exists a. The dealer’s first up card is called the up card. Progressive Blackjack. Additional gains of . For example, some continuous shuffler games. Uston Advanced Plus-Minus - A Level 1, balanced strategy optimized for betting found in Ken Uston's Million Dollar Blackjack, Gambling Times Inc. When played without any strategy, the blackjack house edge can rise to 2% or higher. Though we strongly recommend that you learn the top 18-20 deviations, in this video Colin shares whic. Advanced Strategy Charts. While many casual players are content with the basic rules and strategies, those seeking a deeper level of engagement and profit turn to Advanced Blackjack Strategy. The house edge plays a big part when you play blackjack online for real money at our recommended casinos. Blackjack is a game played. Now if you were playing competently i. Knowing how many high cards. Advanced blackjack strategy chart | Blackjack has always been one of the most popular casino games and it has a massive fan base all over the world. The point of Oscar's blackjack betting strategy is to try and win one betting unit at a time. 77%) and lowering the house advantage. Small cards (vs) Large Cards Counting. Advanced Blackjack strategy: Hard hands. Proven Baccarat Strategy. Before you start, you choose how many deals you play. Other hands that win pay 1:1. Dealer must hit soft 17. The game of blackjack, also fondly known as 21, is one of the most liked and most often played casino card games around the world. But in blackjack, players actually have a fair shot against the house edge, especially for single-deck games. Advanced Blackjack strategy: Hard hands. The general rule of blackjack is that when the dealer plays his hand that he’ll draw on 16 or below and stand on 17 or higher. If you split 10’s or deviate from the standard strategy, you hurt your chances of winning. Without these two critical factors the system simply cannot work. (or higher. Advanced blackjack strategy is card counting, honestly. These large-format cards are pocket size: 2. This strategy works for most types of tables that allow you to surrender. Once you learn what advanced Blackjack is, you have two main methods—1) learn the fundamentals of Blackjack (1) learn the advanced Blackjack Strategies of course or 2) practice Blackjack in your own neighborhood or within an informal group. One of the most important secrets of learning how to play blackjack is the basic strategy. Nevertheless, the chart doesn't list all situations you can make in advanced situations. From an advanced. CVData is a tool used to gain a better insight into the workings of Advanced Blackjack card counting and betting strategies. ”. This blackjack strategy guide will take you through everything you need to know when starting out with this game. Play live blackjack at Fairplay today and practice using blackjack basic strategy and other advanced strategies to increase your chances of winning. Stand against 4-6 and hit against everything else with a hard hand of 12. Advanced Blackjack Strategy Blackjack is a timeless card game that has captured the hearts of gamblers worldwide. 10% per dollar bet, or a house edge of 43. Wisely Select the Right Table and Have a Large Enough Bankroll. Always hit a hard 12 vs. In this video, we explain exactly what Advantage Play is and how you can and should use it. That’s actually an easy example. For instance, you can install a blackjack card generator app and use it whenever you play online or visit the casino. 99 2 New from $19. A pair of 5’s doubles against dealer 2 through 9, otherwise hit. This book teaches players the basics of the game but also instructs the reader in basic strategy and card counting. Double soft 19 vs. Unlike slots, Blackjack does require a level of skill and strategy which you’ll be able to master by the end of this blog. This system deploys and offensive and defensive method. The theory behind it is that eventually, you will win, and when you do, you will recoup all of your previous losses and make a small profit equal to the size of your original. The following rules apply in a single-deck blackjack strategy: The dealer shuffles a 52-card deck once at the beginning of the game. Here you will discover that you don’t have to be a genius to keep track of all the cards in a six-deck shoe; you just have to know a few card-counter secrets. The most advanced Blackjack Trainer for Basic Strategy and Card Counting. It involves keeping track of the ratio of high cards to low cards remaining in the deck or shoe and adjusting your bets and playing decisions accordingly. Blackjack is one of the most popular and enduring card games in the world. This means that players only need to assign -1, 0, or +1 values to their cards. If you are willing to take your gaming experience a notch higher, these strategy cards. If going through charts makes it hard for you to memorize those actions, we break down the basic blackjack strategy into a simple text format below. Splitting aces gives you two chances to hit 21, and you only need to get a 10 for each split hand. Here are the charts you need to memorize to get your blackjack strategy perfect. If your bet is a loser, you drop the stake back to a. 4/6/8 Decks, Dealer Hits Soft 17. The Blackjack strategy card, an emblem of this synthesis, serves as both a guide for the novice and a companion for the seasoned player. Considering that a round of Blackjack lasts on average 1 minute, the player will lose after 3 hours on average $1. The basic blackjack strategy was invented by none other than the mathematical genius blackjack legend – Julian Braun. Blackjack might not be a dice game, but it is most definitely a game off odds. These combine to offer the best blackjack strategy according to the math: RULE #1: ALWAYS DOUBLE DOWN ON 11, UNLESS THE DEALER SHOWS AN ACE. The 8% house edge means that every time you put a wager, you are expected to lose 8% of that money. Free Baccarat. 2 to . This strategy works for most types of tables that allow you to surrender. Blackjack strategy advanced cards chart pairing strategies innovative provide possible basic ever blackjack strategy tabelle strategie casino 888casino decks strategien tabella s17 tabela jogar spel a. 1. The Martingale Baccarat System is a straightforward but risky betting strategy. 2Advanced Baccarat Strategy Welcome to the world of Advanced Baccarat Strategy. The blackjack basic strategy trainer game helps you practice blackjack strategy and play optimally, based on the mathematical probabilities of the game. Here are seven essential things you need to learn, if you want to win at blackjack: 1. By keeping track of the deck, the. Advanced Blackjack Strategy takes the basic strategy to another level. If the dealer has less than 21, you win. From 2 to Ace. (46+50+61 min) (VHS. Lesson 3 – Counting Cards, The Basics. This advanced strategy has a bankroll and buy-in requirements as well as an exit strategy designed to lock-in wins. What are a strategy’s strong and weak. Advanced Blackjack Strategy Blackjack is a timeless card game that has captured the hearts of gamblers worldwide. Surrender if you have 15, 17 or pair of 8s, if dealer up-card is Ace. These variations all include different rules, different side bets, and cater to different play styles. While blackjack’s basic strategy provides the cornerstone, advanced strategies demand a more profound grasp of the game’s intricacies. 2. Lets discuss the more reliable blackjack strategies. Card 9: -1 Points. The thrill of playing against the dealer and hoping to have a blackjackThe company is already touting it as “the fastest, slickest Blackjack available” and live blackjack games are certainly a great way to practice your skills and learn advanced blackjack strategy, so keep an eye out for the new game coming to all Evolution Live Blackjack tables. In turn, however, the casino can reduce a player’s odds. 75 = 4. 5, and all Ace and face cards are valued as -1. But when it does, you can play with a big advantage against the casino. These techniques further increase players ability to even the odds at blackjack. This tutorial is based on the High-Low counting system: two, three, four, five, and six cards are valued at +1; seven, eight, and nine are 0; and all ten-value cards and aces are valued. For instance, when the dealer has 10 against the. This is a “risk-averse” play. Before you begin playing, choose a single-deck blackjack game with advantageous rules. If you win the first hand, the next bet should still be at one unit. 5. (Instead of splitting. Once you have three consecutive wins, you reset the stake back to your initial sum. With our advanced strategy the players will learm how to count cards in blackjack because it will increase the advantage of the players over the casino. There are plenty of advanced blackjack tips out there. Casinos have attempted to pass the laws that would define counting cards as a violation of the casino terms and fraud, but the courts have come to. The Martingale strategy is a well-known betting system that has been applied to various casino games, including blackjack. Hit soft 18 vs. Of course, we mentioned several others in this article, including the Rule of 45, the 2-1-2 betting system, and the insurance bets. 5 out of 5 stars. Card counting is a great blackjack strategy that can be used when playing live dealer games online. Go for scoring opportunities. This is the single most important thing you need to do. The fully responsive simulator can be accessed from a desktop or most modern mobile devices, which effectively means – if you have an internet connection – you’ll be able to learn anywhere. 6. Blackjack might not be a dice game, but it is most definitely a game off odds. 1 day ago · Blackjack is a game of strategy, and luck; in this guide, Canadian players can find the rules and strategies to this popular table game. The multi-deck variation simply means that two, four, six or even eight decks of cards are used at the same time. Zen Count is an extremely effective system, but it is very difficult to learn and use. Instead of winning 6 chips per 5-set session, you will most likely win 5 chips or $25. In both cases an A stands for ace. BLACKJACK STRATEGIES Always double down on a hard 11 Split a pair of 8s & Aces Never split a pair of 5s and 10s Always hit a hard 12 vs. We will examine the pros and cons of. The general formula for the return is 47. This is our favorite blackjack software. Advanced blackjack strategy. The Basic Strategy for 4 to 8 Deck Blackjack at Canadian Casinos. 1 Deck, Dealer Hits Soft 17. (Instead of splitting. ) A. Hit at -2 or lower. If you have a soft 17, i. To have no house edge, the meter would need to reach $207,287. Card counting gives you a slight edge over the house. 5%. There are tons of blackjack variations available, especially in online casinos. With that being said, you shouldn’t be ignoring other cards on the table. Rather than choosing to implement blackjack’s basic strategy on its own, you should aim to incorporate it with an advanced blackjack strategy, a money management strategy and even use a betting strategy. 1. Those who want to take one step closer to being a professional should consider advanced blackjack strategy table, which is more complicated, but more accurate. The only application you need to master both Basic Strategy and Card Counting. The game of blackjack is easy to learn, and getting a basic understanding of how the game plays out will only improve your overall blackjack strategy. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the history of blackjack, legendary players […]By Laura. Basic strategy drill. The Blackjack trainer will develop your playing acumen, and enable you to optimise your winning opportunities. 2 Decks, Dealer Hits Soft 17. One of the easiest ways you can start making more money in the casino is by picking up a basic blackjack strategy chart. So, mastering an advanced strategy simply means playing in a way which minimizes your losses over time – and, consequently, ups your wins. Lesson 13 – The Advanced Course – Part 1. An advanced blackjack strategy involves more than knowing whether to hit, stand, or double down, although that is still a crucial skill to master. These include: The blackjack game the player is playing (also see tips for blackjack ). How to Win at Blackjack. Once you’ve set up the table to your linking, the Blackjack Chart will update itself to show the optimum blackjack strategy to play. Advanced Blackjack Strategy. ) Combine Your Money Management & Knowledge of the Game. Avoid any blackjack tables with posted odds of 6 to 5. Blackjack, a game of grace and strategy, has captivated the hearts of many for generations. The basic strategy is adjusted based on the variant in order to produce the best results. Using the right strategy will help you play a. 1. 99. For each game, the set includes two different plastic cards. Hence, you should learn the art of card counting which is an advanced Blackjack strategy technique. One card shows the Hi-Lo index numbers printed as small. Beat the dealer and win at black jack with a printable strategy card. At the same time, it reduces a casino. Double at -1. The most powerful (legal) means of overcoming the casino’s edge in Blackjack is to vary your bets according to the true count. Blackjack Advanced Strategy Tips. For that, though, you will have to learn what card counting is and how to practice it. Blackjack Bluebook II was written by Fred Renzey and was originally published in 2003. Updated August 30, 2023 Blackjack is a game filled with decision making. If you split 10’s or deviate from the standard strategy, you hurt your chances of winning. This is a strategy chart for when your hand has a ‘soft’ value (the Ace is worth 11). Even If your first hand loses, your next bet should still just be one unit. Using the multi-deck variation does not change game odds in a. It is helpful when you are unsure what move you should make with your hand. The most powerful (legal) means of overcoming the casino’s edge in Blackjack is to vary your bets according to the true count. So before we Let’s dive right into a short history lesson behind the mother of all blackjack strategies. -2. For those who are unaware, online blackjack card counting and casino card counting is an advanced blackjack strategy used by expert players to give themselves an edge. In a word: no. You can split ace pairs, and get an additional card for each but aren’t allowed to split the hands further. Basic Blackjack Strategy Chart in Text. In order to decide what the next bet to be, a player keeps track of the cards which have already been dealt during the game or at least part of them, so that he or she may assume what the next card would be. MGP is freeware that only runs on Windows computers, but it provides analysis of any set of blackjack rules, showing the house edge of rule combinations, and whether those. Only the most advanced or professional player would require a betting system to have a higher betting correlation than perhaps 96%, to consider a blackjack session successful. Once you get comfortable with these basic strategies, you can start to try some advanced methods, such as: Surrender. Since every table. This is our favorite blackjack software. A pair of 7’s splits against dealer 2 through 7, otherwise hit. Alternatively, let’s say the running count is +20, and there 5 decks left in the shoe. Some of the most popular advanced blackjack strategies are card counting, dealer tells, and ace sequencing (or any other popular form of shuffle tracking). The strategy lies in knowing where to stop. It has a unique sequence and you are supposed to bet in certain placements. Sticking to it can ensure that you stay disciplined and don’t spend more than. The “anchor” is the last person to play his hand before the dealer, and is (erroneously. If you are new to this variant, you’ll find the BestCasinos team’s carefully crafted. The left side of the card represents the player’s hand. Double at -1. There are a lot of advanced blackjack strategies, including card counting, shuffle tracking, etc. Other basic strategy. So, let's deal with a card counting as an advanced Blackjack strategy. 7 – Learn About Hole Carding. Blackjack and card counting — the truth behind it, dos and don’ts, principles, probabilities, with in-depth analysis. Security, deposit options, fast withdrawals, bonuses, customer support, server speeds and payouts hold an equal spot in what we deem to be a world class gambling site. Say you have 3/4 of a deck left and the count is +4. Blog; Casino Games. You can only draw one more card after the deal, and a combination of 10 is considered. It doesn’t matter whether you are playing at a casino or online; make sure that the table you choose to play at is right for you for the purpose of gambling. This set combines perfect basic strategy with optimized card counting index numbers for the most popular card counting system, the Hi-Lo. Silver Tiger Baccarat Tips Strategy. To use the basic strategy, look up your hand along the left vertical edge and the dealer's up card along the top. The Silver Tiger Baccarat Strategy System is a unique, easy to understand betting selection strategy that offers players numerous opportunities of winning big. Blackjack, as one of the top popular card games found on both land-based and online casino floors globally, is played with the purpose to beat the dealer. ) Stand at 8. Blackjack Chart Explanation: In the black jack strategy card, the top part, the blue line, represents the dealer’s hand. It is a well-known advanced blackjack strategy, made famous by the likes of the MIT blackjack team. When you select the blackjack best betting strategy you like, take the time to memorize the strategy card to better understand which bets to make. Your teammate is the person sitting directly across. [ AMAZON: Learn to Win at Blackjack] Allan Pell. Basic strategy to card counting, one step at a time. A pair of Aces equals 12, while a pair of 8s equals 16. In this section, we’ll explore the pros and cons of the Martingale approach and how to.